Just posting my solution if anybody else lands here with a similar problem. Connecting my phone to my 2019 Octavia just stopped working recently having been a bit flaky for a while, Android Auto would not connect. I assumed like the OP that it was a physical connection issue in the car. I tried a bunch of good quality brand new data cables and still no luck, not even a flicker of recognition. I had up to same firmware in the infotainment system and up to date software in the phone I discovered that clearing the App cache in Android Auto in my phone (Google Pixel 8) was then enough to get the car to recognise the my phone again. By the time I discovered the clearing the app cache I had already forgotten the car from Android Auto and forgotten the phone from the infotainment system and needed to go through a clean phone/car set up, which may be for the best anyway. Hopefully this will save some people some time and money.